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HMS Fearless (1912)
HMS ''Fearless'' was one of three scout cruisers built for the Royal Navy in the 1910s. She participated in the Battle of Heligoland Bight in late 1914. The ship survived World War I and was sold for scrap in 1921.
==Design and description==
The ''Active''-class ships were the last class of turbine-powered scout cruisers ordered by the Admiralty. These ships were intended to work with destroyer flotillas, leading their torpedo attacks and backing them up when attacked by other destroyers, although they quickly became less useful as destroyer speeds increased before the First World War. ''Fearless'' had a length between perpendiculars of , a beam of and a draught of . She displaced at normal load and at deep load. Her crew consisted of 289 officers and other ranks.〔Friedman 2009, pp. 113, 295〕
The main armament of the ''Active'' class consisted of ten breech-loading (BL) four-inch Mk VII guns. The forward pair of guns were mounted side by side on a platform on the forecastle, six were amidships, three on each broadside, and the two remaining guns were on the centreline of the quarterdeck, one ahead of the other.〔Gardiner & Gray, p. 50〕 The guns fired their shells to a range of about .〔Friedman 2011, pp. 75–76〕 Her secondary armament was four quick-firing (QF) s and two submerged 18-inch (450 mm) torpedo tubes. In 1918, two 4-inch guns were removed from the ship. A QF three-inch 20 cwt〔"Cwt" is the abbreviation for hundredweight, 20 cwt referring to the weight of the gun.〕 anti-aircraft gun was added to ''Fearless'' in 1918.〔Gardiner & Gray, p. 53〕
As scout cruisers, the ships were only lightly protected to maximize their speed. They had a curved protective deck that was thick on the slope and on the flat.〔Friedman 2009, p. 295〕 Their conning tower was protected by four inches of armour.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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